ati, ato-

    ati, ato-

    English meaning: over, etc.

    Deutsche Übersetzung: “about etwas hinaus”, daher bei einer dem Sprecher zugewendeten Bewegung “(about den Standort of Sprechenden) zurũck”, endlich einfach “her” under Verblassen der Vorstellung eines ũberrannten Zieles oder Ortes.

    Note: compare to the meaning question esp. Brugmann Grdr. II2, 844 f. the colouring of the beginning vowel stands firm through Lat.-Celt. (Greek) as IE a-, and it gives no good reason before, Balt-Slav., Gmc. (and ar.) forms can be attributed to IE *o-, by the book - following rules in a (very) strict way just because it would be a textbook example of ablaut to eformed from *eti bildete. With eti (see there) at least equality meaning and exchange existed in the use. Is ati reduction grade to eti?

    Material: O.Ind. áti “about- onto (adnominal m. acc.), exceedingly, very much “ (adv. and preverb), Av. aiti-, O.Pers. atiy- ds. adv. (as 1. compound part and preverb (before i- “ go “ as “ go by, pass by “ and bar- “ carry, bear “ as “ bring over again, to carry “); ar. ati can also represent IE *eti. Gk. presumably in ἀτ-άρ “ however “ (compare αὐτάρ from αὖτ ᾽ἄρ; Brugmann-Thumb 623, KVG. 616; by connection with ἄτερ, Goth. sundrō, the Att. it remained kind of unexplained). Lat. at “ but, yet, moreover; sometimes introducing an imaginary objection, but, you may say “ from increasing - to opposing “ beyond it “, what latter meaning in atavus, at-nepos (not in apprīmē under likewise, see Skutsch AflL. 12, 213). Gaul. ate- (from *ati-) in Ategnütus (= M.Bret. (h)aznat, Bret. anat “ acquainted, known “) under likewise, O.Brit. Ate-cotti “ the very old “, O.Ir. aith-, preceding ad- “ against, un- “, M.Welsh at-, Welsh ad-, ed- (Belege e.g. by Fick II4 8, Pedersen KG. II 292); here as *ate-ko-n probably M.Ir. athach n. “ a certain time “, Welsh adeg m. ds., compare Gaul. ATENOVX (name of 2th half month), Thurneysen ZcP. 20, 358? Goth. аÞ-Þan “ but, however “ (very doubtful is against it derivation from Goth. O.S. ak, O.E. ac “ however “, O.H.G. oh “ but, however “ from *aÞ- + ke = Gk. γε; differently, but barely appropriate Holthausen IF. 17, 458: = Gk. ἄγε, Lat. age “ go! well! “). Lith. at-, ata-, more recently also ati-, in nominal compound atō- “ back, off, away, from, up “ (see Brugmann Grundr. II2 2, 844 f.), O.Pruss. et-, at- (probably only from Balt at-, Trautmann 46); O.C.S. ot-, otъ “ away, since, ex, from “, adnominal m. d. gen.-Аbl., introduces Meillet É t. 155 f. back to gen.-ablative *atos (in front of, before; in return for; because of, from = O.Ind. ataḥ “ thenceforth “? rather Pron.-stem *e- with abLat. adv.-forms -tos); IE *ati (and *eti) would be in addition loc.; both remain very unsafe. The double aspect Lith. ata-: atō- reminds in pa-: pō (see *apo), (see *apo), and it is doubtful about whether one may see in ablative *atōd a kind of o-stem formatIon. In the Slav. the form on long vowel is formed further in Russ. etc. otáva “ grommet “, as O.Pruss. attolis, Lith. atólas, Ltv. atãls, atals “ grommet “ speaking for IE older short vocalized form Lith. atů- = IE *ato- (compare to ending *apo, *upo): O.Ir. do-, to- prefix “to” with (IE?) zero grade of anl. vowels (Meillet aaO., Stokes BB. 29, 171, Pedersen KG. II 74), probably also Illyr. to-, Alb. te “ to, by “ (Skok by Pokorny UrIllyr. 50).

    References: WP. I 42 f., WH. I 75, 421 f., 863.